Viewing Distance

How can I determine the appropriate viewing distance for my safety sign based on factors such as sign size, text size, and viewing conditions?

Although OSHA does not provide specific regulations for sign size, text size, and viewing distances, the ANSI Z535.2-2011(R2017) standard offers guidance on these factors.

Determining the correct viewing distance for a safety sign depends on two key elements: viewing conditions and text size.

To establish the appropriate viewing distance, the end user should assess the reading conditions. If the sign is placed in conditions where workers have sufficient time to react to hazards, the text is easily legible, unobstructed by objects or smoke, and in a well-lit area, it can be considered "favorable" conditions.

In "favorable" conditions, the viewing distance can be determined based on the size of the sign and the text. However, if there are factors such as low lighting, obstructions, or reduced reaction time, the conditions may be deemed "unfavorable," and the viewing distance should be reduced accordingly. The end user is responsible for considering the specific usage environment and making this determination.

While sign size itself does not directly impact the viewing distance, larger signs generally feature bigger text sizes, which can be read from greater distances under "favorable" conditions.

As an example, using a StreetSigns.com OSHA compliant safety sign (item # I2404), under "favorable" conditions, a 14" x 10" sign's message can typically be read from a distance of up to 11 feet, 9 inches. Larger signs with larger text sizes can be read from even further distances under similar conditions.